The origin and development of Banff classification on allograft pathology and its effects in promoting organ transplantation / 器官移植

The Banff conference on allograft pathology (Banff conference) and the establishment of Banff classification on allograft pathology (Banff classification) are milestones in the development of international allograft pathology. At present, all organ transplantation centers around the world routinely perform pathological diagnosis by biopsy of the transplant kidney according to Banff classification. Subsequently, the consensus process and update mode of Banff classification for transplant kidney was quickly extended to transplant heart, lung, liver, pancreas, and small intestine, etc. The Banff conference has not only become a thematic meeting that includes the pathology study and discussion of various transplant organs, but also gradually developed unified diagnostic standard for the biopsy of each transplant organ, which better promoted the accurate diagnosis and treatment of complications after organ transplantation. This article summarized the history of international allograft pathology research, the Banff conference and Banff classification in promoting organ transplantation, which aimed to provide a reference for the smooth development of clinical organ transplantation.

Banff classification and progress on liver allograft pathology / 器官移植

The pathology of liver allograft biopsy is not only essential for the evaluation of liver donor, but also for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of posttransplantation complications. With the development of liver transplantation in clinical practice, relevant studies of the pathological diagnosis of liver allograft complications have been deepened. Banff classification on liver allograft pathology have been gradually established within the international community. In China, pathological studies related to liver allograft pathology have been steadily carried out, and the pathological diagnostic basis of liver allograft pathology suitable for the clinical practice of liver transplantation in China has been gradually formed. This article reviews the history of Banff liver allograft pathology and major pathological lesions of liver allograft complications, aiming to provide reference for implementing pathological diagnosis of liver allograft pathology in China, assisting clinical diagnosis and targeted treatment of complications after liver transplantation, and further improving the survival of liver allograft and recipients.

Consideraciones sobre algunas consecuencias del diagnóstico de trastorno del espectro autista: el desplazamiento de las categorías diagnósticas del DSM-IV al DSM-V / Considérations sur certaines conséquences du diagnostic du trouble du spectre autistique: le déplacement des catégories diagnostiques du DSM-IV au DSM-V / Considerations on certain consequences of autistic spectrum disorder: the shifting of diagnosis categories from DSM-IV to DSM-V / Considerações sobre algumas consequências do diagnóstico do transtorno do espectro autista: o deslocamento das categorias de diagnóstico DSM-IV para DSM-V

El artículo se propone analizar las consecuencias que el diagnóstico de Trastorno del espectro autista (TEA), acarrea sobre los niños y sus familias y los desplazamientos de categorías y criterios diagnósticos del DSM-4 al DSM-5, poniendo en evidencia el cambio de paradigma teórico e ideológico subyacente entre ambos. Rastrea históricamente los fundamentos de los DSM, para distinguir luego en tres niveles (el teórico, clínico y técnico), algunas consecuencias del diagnóstico de TEA(AU)

The article intends to analyze the consequences that the diagnosis of Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD) brings upon children and their families, as well as the shifting of diagnosis categories and criteria from DSM-4 to DSM-5, highlighting the underlying theoretical and ideological change of paradigm between the two. We track the historical foundations of the DSM, in order to identify in 3 levels (theoretical, clinical, and technical) various consequences of ASD diagnosis(AU)

L'article propose d'analyser les conséquences que le diagnostic du Trouble du spectre autistique (TSA) produit sur les enfants et leur famille, ainsi que les évolutions dans les catégories et les critères diagnostiques du DSM-4 et DSM-5, mettant en évidence le changement sous-jacent du paradigme théorique et idéologique entre ces derniers. On retrace historiquement les fondements du DSM, pour ensuite identifier certaines conséquences du diagnostic du TSA sur trois niveaux (théorique, clinique, et technique)(AU)

O artigo tem como objetivo analisar as consequências do diagnóstico do Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA), sobre as crianças e seus familiares e os deslocamentos de categorias e critérios diagnósticos do DSM-4 para o DSM-5, destacando a mudança no paradigma teórico e ideológico subjacente entre os dois. Ele historicamente traça os fundamentos dos DSMs, e depois distingue em três níveis (teórico, clínico e técnico), algumas consequências do diagnóstico de TEA(AU)

Investigating the Spectra constellations of the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) model for personality disorders based on empirical data from a community sample

Objective: The Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) posits that psychopathology is hierarchically structured. For personality disorder (PD) traits, there are five spectra: internalizing, thought disorder, disinhibited externalizing, antagonistic externalizing, and detachment. Empirical findings suggest a sixth group, compulsivity. In this research, we tried to recover the five HiTOP spectra, plus compulsivity, specifically for PD traits. Methods: The sample was composed of 4,868 Brazilians (54.9% women, age ranging from 18 to 70; mean = 25.7; SD = 9.64). All participants answered the Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory 2 (IDCP-2), a self-report inventory for adults, developed in Brazil, for assessment of pathological personality traits. Results: Parallel analysis yielded up to nine factors. On exploratory structural equation modeling (E-SEM), the balance between interpretability and fit index suggested the six-factor solution as the best solution. The fit indexes for the confirmatory factor analysis were slightly less adjusted in comparison to the empirical model. Conclusion: The hypothesis was confirmed, as we did find the groups proposed at the spectrum level of the HiTOP. We also found a compulsivity factor, encompassing the main traits from the conscientiousness dimension of IDCP-2, which is related to obsessive-compulsive PD. Finding the six groupings of traits in the HiTOP model contributes to the validity of this model, and confirms the existence of proposed spectra.

Diagnosis of neurodevelopmental disorders in children: interpretation of International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems-11 and The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5 / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Interpretation of The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems-11 published by World Health Organization(WHO) and The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders of Fifth published by American Psychological Association(APA), and reference of literature in recent 10 years.In order to be in agreement with international standards which used to classify the diagnosis of neurodevelopmental disorders in children and to provide a reference for clinical diagnosis.

Values of serum soluble CD44 in diagnostic classification of acute myeloid leukemia / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To evaluate the clinical values of serum soluble CD44 (solCD44) in diagnostic classification of acute myeloid leukemia (AML).Methods 80 patients with AML who admitted in Department of Hematology in our hospital from January 2014 to January 2016 were enrolled.Among these 80 cases,there were 31 cases newly diagnosed,24 cases refractory and 25 cases remission.40 healthy volunteers were set as the control group.The levels of solCD44s,solCD44v5 and solCD44v6 were measured and compared of each group.Results The levels of serum solCD44s,solCD44v5 and solCD44v6 in newly diagnosed and refractory group of AML patients were significantly higher than those in the control group and remission group (P0.05);There were significant differences of serum levels of solCD44s,solCD44v5,solCD44v6 in different FAB subgroups (M1+M2),M3,M4 and M5,meanwhile,the serum levels of solCD44s,solCD44v5,solCD44v6 in M3 type were significantly higher than those in non-M3 type (P<0.05).Conclusion The level of solCD44 especially solCD44std is closely related to the changes of disease activity in patients with AML.Serum solCD44 levels can be used as serological reference indicators of diagnostic classification,prognosis and recurrence prediction for AML.

Application of MR diffusion kurtosis imaging in grading of astrocytic tumors / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To investigate the value of magnetic resonance (MR)diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI)in diagnostic classi-fication of astrocytic tumors.Methods 31 patients with astrocytic tumors confirmed by operation and pathology were collected,in-cluding low-grade tumors (WHO gradeⅠ and Ⅱ)in 14 and high-grade ones (WHO grade Ⅲ and Ⅳ)in 1 7.Routine MRI and DKI scan were preoperatively conducted using Siemens 3.0T MR scanner.Mean kurtosis (MK),radial kurtosis (RK)and axial kurtosis (AK)values were calculated in the solid portion of the tumors and the contralateral normal white matter.Results The MK,RK and AK values in tumors were lower than those in contralateral normal white matter,and were significantly higher in high-grade tumors than those in low-grade ones (P <0.05).Conclusion The MK,RK and AK values obtained by DKI reflect the histological structure changes of the astrocytic tumors.DKI is helpful for the diagnostic classification of astrocytic tumors,exhibiting more value in optimi-zing the treatment.

A nova classificação americana para os transtornos mentais: o DMS-5 / The new American classification for mental disorders: DMS-5 / La nueva clasificación de América para los trastornos mentales: DMS-5

Algumas das principais mudanças introduzidas na nova classificação diagnóstica norte-americana são apresentadas de modo sintético à comunidade psicanalítica. Fruto de estudos de campo que investigaram a validade dos diagnósticos anteriores, possui vantagens, mas mostra as falhas que temos ainda no conhecimento dos transtornos mentais. Algumas das principais críticas também são apresentadas...

Some of the main changes introduced in the new North American diagnostic classification are presented in a synthetic way to the psychoanalytic community. Result of field studies that investigated the validity of previous diagnoses has advantages, but gaps in the present knowledge of mental disorders are still there. Some of the main criticisms are also presented...

Algunos de los principales cambios introducidos en la nueva clasificación diagnóstica de América del Norte se presentan de manera sintética a la comunidad psicoanalítica. El resultado de los estudios de campo que investigaron la validez de los diagnósticos anteriores tiene ventajas, pero demuestra que todavía tenemos lagunas en el conocimiento de los trastornos mentales. Se presentan también algunas de las principales críticas...

Do estigma da psicose maníaco-depressiva ao incentivo ao tratamento do transtorno bipolar: a evolução da abordagem em dois veículos midiáticos nos últimos 40 anos / From the stigma of manic depression to the encouraging of treatment of bipolar disorder: the evolution of the approach in two lay media publications over the last 40 years

OBJETIVO: Investigar a evolução ao longo dos últimos 40 anos da assimilação midiática do transtorno bipolar. MÉTODOS: Foram pesquisadas referências sobre os termos "transtorno bipolar" e "maníaco-depressivo" na revista Veja e no jornal The New York Times e analisada uma amostra de 40 textos de cada veículo. Os textos foram divididos em dois grupos, o primeiro reunindo aqueles datados dos anos entre 1970 e 1999 e o segundo, 2000 a 2009. RESULTADOS: Entre os anos de 1970 e 1999 é mais utilizado o termo "maníaco-depressivo", porém na década de 2000-2009 a expressão "transtorno bipolar" predomina amplamente. Além disso, artigos mais antigos, que utilizam principalmente o termo "maníaco-depressivo", tendem a ser mais estigmatizantes e com menor pretensão informativa. Já artigos mais recentes, em que a expressão "transtorno bipolar" é mais utilizada, tendem a incentivar a busca de tratamento. CONCLUSÃO: Sugere-se que a abordagem midiática do transtorno bipolar, comparada ao tratamento recebido pela psicose maníaco-depressiva, é marcada pela maior assimilação do referencial biomédico.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the evolution over the past 40 years of the midia approach to bipolar disorder. METHODS: A search was performed using the terms "bipolar disorder" and "manic-depressive" in the Brazilian magazine Veja and in American newspaper The New York Times. A sample of 40 texts from each source was analyzed. The texts were divided into two groups, one dated of the years between 1970 and 1999 and the second from 2000 to 2009. RESULTS: Between 1970 and 1999 it is most often used the term "manic-depressive", but in the decade of 2000-2009, the term "bipolar disorder" prevails widely. In addition, ol-der articles, which predominantly use the term "manic-depressive" tend to be more stigmatizing and less informative. Recent articles, on the other hand, feature more often the term "bipolar disorder" and tend to encourage treatment seeking. CONCLUSION: It is suggested that the midia approach to bipolar disorder, in comparison with the one given to manic-depressive psychosis, is characterized by a closer assimilation of the biomedical model.

Conceptualization about internalizing problems in children and adolescents / O conceito de problemas internalizantes em crianças e adolescentes

This review will discuss the concept of internalizing disorders. It will describe the two main types of internalizing disorder: depressive and anxiety disorders. It will discuss how they have much in common, but that there are also key differences. The review will use data from modern studies of symptom factor analysis, aetiology, treatment and prognosis to illustrate the commonalities and differences. It will conclude by trying to answer where internalizing disorders should be placed in future diagnostic classification schemes.

Esta revisão discute o conceito de transtornos internalizantes, descrevendo os dois principais tipos deste problema: depressão e ansiedade. Será discutido o quanto eles têm em comum, mas também as principais diferenças entre eles. Para ilustrar estas características em comum e as diferenças, serão usados dados de estudos modernos usando análise fatorial de sintomas, etiologia, tratamento e prognóstico. Na conclusão, será feita uma tentativa de responder a questão onde os problemas internalizantes deveriam ser inseridos nos esquemas futuros de classificação diagnóstica.